内容提要　目的：评价补肾益精方延缓老年雄性大鼠骨衰老与脑衰老的作用，探讨此方延缓整个机体衰老的机制。方法：40只24月龄SD雄性大鼠随机分为24月龄本底对照组、30月龄增龄对照组、补肾益精方低剂量组、补肾益精方高剂量组，每组各10只。低剂量组、高剂量组均自24月龄给药至30月龄。各组相应处理以后分别测定各组大鼠的骨参数(左侧股骨近段、中段、远段的骨密度和右侧股骨的弯曲断裂载荷)以及脑参数(脑组织M受体结合容量和胆碱酯酶活性)。结果：在骨方面，补肾益精方既能量效依赖性地增加大鼠股骨各段骨密度，又能量效依赖性地提高大鼠股骨弯曲断裂载荷；在脑方面，补肾益精方不仅能上调大鼠脑组织M受体结合容量，而且又能抑制大鼠脑组织胆碱酯酶活性。结论：补肾益精方具有同时延缓雄性大鼠骨衰老与脑衰老的作用；推测该方似通过神经内分泌免疫网络的介导从整体角度调整衰老机体肾虚精亏之异常。

Experimental Study on Effect of Bushen Yijing Recipe in Delaying Senility of Bone and Brain of Aged Male Rats

　　Objective: To evaluate the effect of Bushen Yijing recipe (BSYJR) in delaying senility of bone and brain of aged male rats and infer its mechanism in delaying systemic senility.Methods: Forty male SD rats, 24 months old were randomly divided into 4 groups, the baseline control group, the aged control group (30 months old), the BSYJR high dose group and the BSYJR low dose group. The latter two groups received BSYJR treatment from 24 months old to 30 months old. Bone indexes (bone density of the proximal, middle and distal segments of left femur and break bending load of right femur) and brain& nbsp;indexes (binding capacity of M receptor and cholinesterase activity of brain) were measured after responding treatment.Results: In bone, BSYJR could not only increase the bone mineral density in various segments of femur, but also raise the bending break load of femur dose-effect dependently. In brain, BSYJR could both up-regulate the binding capacity of M receptor and inhibit the activity of cholinesterase.Conclusion: BSYJR could delay the senility of bone and brain in male rats, inferring that it might regulate integrally the abnormality of aging in Kidney Asthenia and Essence Deficiency through mediation of nerve-endocrine-immunity network. To evaluate the effect of Bushen Yijing recipe (BSYJR) in delaying senility of bone and brain of aged male rats and infer its mechanism in delaying systemic senility.Methods: Forty male SD rats, 24 months old were randomly divided into 4 groups, the baseline control group, the aged control group (30 months old), the BSYJR high dose group and the BSYJR low dose group. The latter two groups received BSYJR treatment from 24 months old to 30 months old. Bone indexes (bone& nbsp;density of the proximal, middle and distal segments of left femur and break bending load of right femur) and brain indexes (binding capacity of M receptor and cholinesterase activity of brain) were measured after responding treatment.Results: In bone, BSYJR could not only increase the bone mineral density in various segments of femur, but also raise the bending break load of femur dose-effect dependently. In brain, BSYJR could both up-regulate the binding capacity of M receptor and inhibit the activity of cholinesterase.Conclusion: BSYJR could delay the senility of bone and brain in male rats, inferring that it might regulate integrally the abnormality of aging in Kidney Asthenia and Essence Deficiency through mediation of nerve-endocrine-immunity network.

　　Key words　Bushen Yijing Recipe, aged rats, bone density, bone load, integrated regulation, nerve-endocrine-immunity network, M receptor, cholinesterase

　　根据中医学的整体观念和“肾主骨生髓，脑为髓之海”的理论，80年代以来国内中西医结合学者分别应用不同的补肾益精类中药复方有效地延缓骨衰老(老年性骨质疏松症)、脑衰老(老年性痴呆)的研究报告已经屡见不鲜(1～7)，但是分别观察同一个补肾益精的中药复方延缓骨衰老、脑衰老的研究尚不多见；然而这种类型的研究却具有非常重要的意义；因为一方多效的研究结果可以提供基于整体观念的中医抗衰老理论最直接的药效学证据。因此，本项研究通过观察由何首乌、肉苁蓉等数种天然植物组成的具有补肾益精功效的中药复方——补肾益精方对雄性大鼠骨衰老与脑衰老的影响，旨在评价本方延缓老年大鼠骨衰老与脑衰老的作用以及探讨该方延缓机体衰老的机制，为中医药抗衰老提供整体防治的证据。

　　材料与方法

　　1　动物　 24月龄SD雄性大鼠40只，(450±20)g，由上海中医药大学实验动物中心提供，上海市医学实验动物管理委员会实动合格证书号0017500；各组大鼠分笼饲养；自由摄取标准大鼠饲料(钙1.01%，磷0.78%)；自由饮用蒸馏水；室温(18±2)℃。

　　2　药物　补肾益精方(仙灵脾10g　何首乌15g肉苁蓉10g　骨碎补10g)由上海中医药大学基础医学院中医基础实验室提供。应用蒸馏水将补肾益精方胶囊制剂药粉配制成为悬浊液(浓度0.6g药粉/ml药液)，低剂量组按照10ml药液/kg体重的剂量给药(相当于成人用量的10倍)、高剂量组按照30ml药液/kg体重的剂量给药(相当于成人用量的30倍)。

　　3　仪器　SPA-Ⅳ型单光子骨密度仪(中国成都测试技术研究院)，放射源125I；INSTRON-1122型万能材料试验机(英国)；Wallac 1410液体闪烁计数器(Pharmacia)；Wellscan MK2酶标仪(Labsystems Dragon)。

　　4　动物分组与处理　40只24月龄SD雄性大鼠随机分为24月龄本底对照组、30月龄增龄对照组、补肾益精中药复方低剂量组、补肾益精中药复方高剂量组，每组各10只。24月龄本底对照组大鼠适应性正常喂养1周以后，全部处死；30月龄增龄对照组大鼠自24月龄正常喂养至30月龄时全部处死；低剂量组、高剂量组大鼠均自24月龄正常喂养的同时自由饮用补肾益精中药复方制剂悬浊液，至30月龄时全部处死。

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